Explain the Principles and Aims of the United Nations Organization. What are conditions for its Membership?

Question : Explain the Principles and Aims of the United Nations Organization. What are conditions for its Membership?

The Aims of the United Nations are:

1. To maintain peace and harmony throughout the world.
2. To develop friendly relations between nations.
3. To work together in solving international problems.
4. To make UN a better unite for helping nations to achieve these aims.

1. To maintain peace and harmony throughout the world: The most important purpose of the United Nations is to help maintain world peace and security. World peace is an ideal of freedom, peace, and happiness among and within all nations by which nations willingly co-operate with each other that prevents warfare. The primary responsibility of United Nations-

 

• To maintain international peace and security.
• To take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace.
• To suppression the acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace.
• To settle of international disputes or situations which lead to breach of peace in conformity with the principles of justice and international law.

2. To develop friendly relations between nations: The purpose of the United Nations is to encourage and develop friendly relations through mutual understanding and partnerships among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace.

3. To work together in solving international problems: The aim of the United Nations is to bring all the worlds nations together to work for international peace and development based on the principles of justice, and to safeguard human rights, to provide a mechanism for international law, and to promote social, cultural and economic progress, improve living standards, and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion. It provides the opportunity for countries to balance global interdependence and national interests when addressing international problems.

4. To make UN a better unite for helping nations to achieve these aims: The one of the purposes of the United Nations is to bring all the nations under the umbrella of the UN by connecting countries to knowledge, experience and resources and to make UN a better unite for harmonizing the actions of nations in the attainment of these common ends.

The Principles of the United Nations:

Principles 01:

The sovereign equality of all its members: This means that every country is sovereign and independent, which ensures that every country whether big or small has an equal say in the UN. There are some notable exceptions to this, namely the formation of the Security Council and the International Court of Justice, similarly no amendment of the charter can take place unless and until it is accepted by five permanent members but every country who is a member of the UN has equal voting power in the General Assembly. In the eye of charter all member states are equal but in practical the grate powers are legally and actually unequal to the rest of the member states.

Principles 02:

States must obey the obligation within good faith (Pacta sunt servanda): Pacta sunt servanda is a basic principle of international law means every treaty in force is binding upon the parties to it and must be performed by them in good faith. Thus the obligations of the Charter in general are binding on every State Party as a whole. A general obligation is imposed on States Parties to respect the Charter rights and to ensure them to all individuals in their territory and subject to their jurisdiction. The States Parties are required to give effect to the obligations under the Charter in good faith.

Principles 03:

Peaceful settlement of international disputes: It is a foundational principal that have directed international relations since 1945. This principal concern with the settlement of disputes by peaceful means which indicate all member states shall settle their differences in such a manner that international peace and security, and justice, are not endangered.

Principles 04:

States must avoid threat or use of force: This is the cardinal rule of international law and the cornerstone of peaceful relation among states. This principal contains fundamental obligation to all member states to refrain from threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any country because threat or use of force between sovereign states constitutes a serious violation of the international law as well as human rights.

Principles 05:

States should try to assist the UN in common action: Every member states is required to support the United Nations when it takes action under the UN Charter and must refrain from assisting countries against which the United Nations is taking preventive or enforcement action.

Principles 06:

UN obligation to non member states: The UN has an obligation to ensure that states not belonging to the United Nations follow the foundational principles laid out in the UN Charter, in order to maintain international peace and security.

Principles 07:

Not to interfere with domestic or country internal matters:

The role of the United Nations is to facilitate and promote relations between countries that are members of the UN rather than to tell them what to do on their own territory. So the UN is unable to interfere with domestic or country internal matters but this principle shall not prejudice the application of enforcement measures under Chapter VII.

Membership to the United Nations:

Today, almost every independent state is member in the UN. Membership in the UN is open to all other peace-loving states which accept the obligations contained in the present Charter and, in the judgment of the Organization, are able and willing to carry out these obligations. To attained Membership to the UN the following five conditions must be fulfill: 

(1)   It must be an independent State.

(2)   It must be peace-loving.

(3)   It must accept the obligations of the Charter.

(4)   It must be able to carry out these obligations.

(5)   It must be willing to do so.

After fulfilling such conditions a new members states may be admitted to the UN on the affirmative recommendation of the Security Council and by the election of the General Assembly, by two-thirds majority. The admission of membership is an important matter it required the affirmative vote of nine Members of the Security Council including its five permanent Members. The membership shall become effective on the date on which the General Assembly takes its decision on the application.

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